physiology and pharmacology experiments
in virtual laboratories
almost like in the real world
- Perfect for online teaching and remote learning -
U2—comprising Bono, The Edge, Adam Clayton, and Larry Mullen Jr.—is one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed bands in rock history. Their career spans over four decades, evolving from post-punk roots into stadium rock, electronic experimentation, and alternative pop.
Downloading U2's discography via public torrent sites like 1337x is illegal in many jurisdictions due to copyright infringement laws
Originally a term from the video game piracy scene, a "repack" in a music context usually implies that someone has compressed, reorganized, or cleanly tagged the files to make the massive collection easier to download and navigate. The Audiophile Appeal of Lossless U2
The primary risk is legal. Downloading any copyrighted material (i.e., most commercially released music) without permission is a violation of copyright law. A "simple rule of thumb: if you haven't paid for the material, and the artist has not authorized it for free downloading, it is not legal to download or share it". Even if you aren't uploading the files afterward, you are still engaging in the illegal reproduction of the work.
Bonus DVDs frequently included in these repacks may feature live performances like the Zoo TV special, "Making Of" documentaries, or promotional music video collections. Audio Technical Details
Behind-the-scenes footage of the making of iconic albums.
to handle advanced tagging and gapless playback for FLAC files. foobar2000 Legal & Safety Considerations
A term used to describe a torrent that has been re-uploaded with better organization, compression, or additional content (like bonus tracks or DVDs) compared to previous versions. Legal and Ethical Considerations
Platforms like HDtracks provide legal, high-resolution FLAC downloads for the discerning listener.
To fully enjoy a FLAC discography, avoid standard computer speakers or generic earbuds. Use a dedicated digital-to-analog converter (DAC) paired with studio-monitoring headphones or a high-end home audio receiver. Software like Foobar2000 (Windows), VLC Media Player, or Audirvana (Mac) will ensure bit-perfect playback without system-level audio degradation. Share public link
running on all Windows platforms,
from Win 7 to Win 11, 32 bit as well as 64 bit versions
without any specific requirements (see Technical Specifications)
including platform-independent Online Versions
for experiments via the Virtual Physiology server
existing so far for SimHeart and SimVessel
with beta-versions of SimMuscle and SimNeuron
SimHeart offers a virtual laboratory for recordings of heart contractions in the Langendorff set-up in response on the most relevant transmitters and drugs, including a drug laboratory for the adjustment of the appropriate solutions.
SimVessel offers a virtual laboratory for the examination of smooth muscle contractions of vessels and the intestine.
The experiments can be done with muscle stripes, placed in an organ bath to which physiologically relevant signal substances and widely used drugs can be added. Preparing the appropriate dilutions can be trained, as in SimHeart, in a drug laboratory.
The virtual “SimMuscle” laboratory contains two nerve-muscle preparations and all the apparatus that you will need for experimentation in a simplified but quite realistic form.
When entering the lab you first need to switch on all the devices (POWER buttons). Then drag one of two already prepared nerve-muscle preparations from the Petri-dish to hang it in the suspension apparatus. This includes a mechano-electrical converter transforming changes of either the muscle force or muscle length, selectable by a toggle switch, into an electric potential. You can pre-stretch the muscle hanging one or more weights in the loop at which the muscle is fixed.
Muscle contractions are induced by current pulses delivered from a stimulation apparatus to the electrodes on which the nerve is placed. Stimuli as well as muscle contractions are displayed on a dual beam storage oscilloscope, appropriately displayed with accordingly adjusted voltage amplification and time base (via the rotary switches) and zero lines. Single or double pulses as well as trains of stimuli of selectable amplitude and intervals can be applied.
The example shows muscle contractions, here changes of the muscle length, in response to different trains of voltage pulses inducing isolated twitches, incomplete and complete tetanic contractions depending on the intervals in which the pulses are applied.
U2—comprising Bono, The Edge, Adam Clayton, and Larry Mullen Jr.—is one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed bands in rock history. Their career spans over four decades, evolving from post-punk roots into stadium rock, electronic experimentation, and alternative pop.
Downloading U2's discography via public torrent sites like 1337x is illegal in many jurisdictions due to copyright infringement laws
Originally a term from the video game piracy scene, a "repack" in a music context usually implies that someone has compressed, reorganized, or cleanly tagged the files to make the massive collection easier to download and navigate. The Audiophile Appeal of Lossless U2
The primary risk is legal. Downloading any copyrighted material (i.e., most commercially released music) without permission is a violation of copyright law. A "simple rule of thumb: if you haven't paid for the material, and the artist has not authorized it for free downloading, it is not legal to download or share it". Even if you aren't uploading the files afterward, you are still engaging in the illegal reproduction of the work.
Bonus DVDs frequently included in these repacks may feature live performances like the Zoo TV special, "Making Of" documentaries, or promotional music video collections. Audio Technical Details
Behind-the-scenes footage of the making of iconic albums.
to handle advanced tagging and gapless playback for FLAC files. foobar2000 Legal & Safety Considerations
A term used to describe a torrent that has been re-uploaded with better organization, compression, or additional content (like bonus tracks or DVDs) compared to previous versions. Legal and Ethical Considerations
Platforms like HDtracks provide legal, high-resolution FLAC downloads for the discerning listener.
To fully enjoy a FLAC discography, avoid standard computer speakers or generic earbuds. Use a dedicated digital-to-analog converter (DAC) paired with studio-monitoring headphones or a high-end home audio receiver. Software like Foobar2000 (Windows), VLC Media Player, or Audirvana (Mac) will ensure bit-perfect playback without system-level audio degradation. Share public link
SimNeuron offers virtual laboratories for voltage- and current-clamp experiments in an easy to overlook lab design
In fully licensed versions there is the possibility to select to which specific features of the program the students shall have access. This can be done in so-called pre-settings window which you can open from the labs via the SETTINGS button in the switch bank. In demo versions the pre-settings are fixed with most functions enabled. The Audiophile Appeal of Lossless U2 The primary
